Fully autonomous vehicles essentially depend on three classes of components: sensors, processors, and on-board software. At Valeo, we have the widest portfolio of sensors on the market, with cameras, radar modules etc. for level three and upwards, which is the level of automation where drivers can hand over complete control to electronic systems. LiDAR sensors play a key role in these systems. They provide an additional mode of perception by scanning the surrounding environment with lasers to generate highly accurate information on potential obstacles, and because they are active sensors that make use of their own energy to illuminate the road ahead, they are fully functional both during the day and at night. The use of LiDAR has made it possible to match critical levels of safety achieved by systems in the aeronautical industry, with equivalent accident rates.
From an article in Hello Future.
Why is the bandwidth provided by 5G so important for these vehicles?
The 5G network standard brings benefits in terms of quality of service, particularly through network slicing, which guarantees high levels of bandwidth for certain applications. Today’s autonomous vehicles may need to be operated under remote supervision so that human drivers can take control of them under certain circumstances, and they also need to be dynamically updated with, for example, mapping elements. Thus, there are occasions where these vehicles are reliant on high levels of connectivity if they are to function correctly. For example, we are currently working on a collaborative project with the motorway operator APRR (Autoroutes Paris-Rhin-Rhône) on a system to enable AVs to successfully navigate tollgates, which involves the real-time transmission of dynamic maps of toll plazas that take into account hazards like closed lanes and missing road markings etc. The goal of this system is to enable these vehicles to be fully autonomous from the moment they enter the motorway system until they leave it. As it stands, current systems hand back control to drivers whenever they encounter a toll plaza.
You have also developed your own parking assistance system.
We’re working on an autonomous parking system with BMW. It’s a level four system, which means that it can be given total autonomy in a given context, in this case in a car park. It’s an on-board system that allows you to leave your car at the entrance to an airport or supermarket car park, and the car will park itself and later come and pick you up when you need it. And it can manage these tasks independently. Level four systems provide vehicles with a degree of autonomy that fully enables them to cope with specific conditions for which they have been designed. These may be geographical or atmospheric: for example, some systems are designed to work only in motorway traffic jams when the weather is fine etc.
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